What is the treatment protocol for anaphylaxis?

The treatment protocol for anaphylaxis prioritizes rapid and effective intervention to counteract the severe allergic reaction. Administering 0.5 mg of IM adrenaline (epinephrine) is aligned with established guidelines for treating anaphylaxis. The dosage and method—intramuscularly—are crucial because IM injection allows for quick absorption of adrenaline, leading to rapid improvement in symptoms.

The protocol typically recommends that if symptoms persist after the initial dose, a repeat dose can be given every 5 to 15 minutes as needed, depending on individual patient response. This approach facilitates adequate blood circulation and quickly elevates blood pressure, dilates bronchi, and reduces swelling—critical actions when treating anaphylaxis.

The other options do not meet the recognized standards for anaphylaxis treatment. For instance, 2 mg of IV adrenaline would be excessive for initial treatment, as intravenous administration generally is reserved for specific circumstances, and the higher dosage may lead to adverse effects. Subcutaneous administration of adrenaline is not recommended due to slower absorption compared to IM injection, making it less effective in emergencies with rapid onset. Similarly, administering 0.25 mg IM is insufficient, as the standard initial adult dose is 0.5 mg to ensure effective treatment. This