What is the first step of the abdominal exam?

The first step of the abdominal exam is to inspect the abdomen. Inspection involves visually assessing the abdomen for any abnormalities, such as distension, discoloration, or asymmetry. This preliminary observation is crucial as it provides valuable clues about the patient's condition and can help guide subsequent examination steps.

By starting with inspection, the clinician can identify potential issues that may require closer examination, such as scars, visible masses, or signs of trauma. This foundational step sets the stage for a more thorough assessment, where methods like auscultation, palpation, and percussion can be used to gather further information about the patient's abdominal health. The order of examination is essential because it ensures that the doctor retains the integrity of the patient's physical state throughout the assessment process, as physical manipulation (like palpation) can alter normal sounds and sensations that would otherwise be observed through inspection and auscultation.