What is anaphylaxis?

Anaphylaxis is a severe and potentially life-threatening reaction that affects multiple systems in the body. It is characterized by a rapid onset of symptoms that can include difficulty breathing, swelling of the throat and tongue, hives, a drop in blood pressure, and other signs of systemic inflammation. It is triggered by allergens, which can include foods, medications, insect stings, or other substances, leading to a generalized allergic response.

This systemic involvement distinguishes anaphylaxis from other allergic reactions, such as localized reactions, which might cause symptoms confined to a specific area, like a rash or localized swelling. Understanding anaphylaxis is critical for emergency medical responders, as it requires immediate recognition and treatment, often with epinephrine and supportive care to prevent the progression of symptoms.